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1995-02-13
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pgm(5) PBM Plus pgm(5)
NAME
pgm - portable graymap file format
DESCRIPTION
The portable graymap format is a lowest common denominator
grayscale file format. The definition is as follows:
- A "magic number" for identifying the file type. A pgm
file's magic number is the two characters "P2".
- Whitespace (blanks, TABs, CRs, LFs).
- A width, formatted as ASCII characters in decimal.
- Whitespace.
- A height, again in ASCII decimal.
- Whitespace.
- The maximum gray value, again in ASCII decimal.
- Whitespace.
- Width * height gray values, each in ASCII decimal, between
0 and the specified maximum value, separated by whi-
tespace, starting at the top-left corner of the graymap,
proceding in normal English reading order. A value of 0
means black, and the maximum value means white.
- Characters from a "#" to the next end-of-line are ignored
(comments).
- No line should be longer than 70 characters.
Here is an example of a small graymap in this format:
P2
# feep.pgm
18 7
15
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 3 3 3 3 0 0 7 7 7 7 0 0 11 11 11 11 0
0 3 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0
0 3 3 3 0 0 0 7 7 7 0 0 0 11 11 11 0 0
0 3 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0
0 3 0 0 0 0 0 7 7 7 7 0 0 11 11 11 11 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Programs that read this format should be as lenient as pos-
sible, accepting anything that looks remotely like a gray-
map.
Printed 5/25/90 01 August 1989 1
pgm(5) PBM Plus pgm(5)
There is also a variant on the format, available by setting
the RAWBITS option at compile time. This variant is dif-
ferent in the following ways:
- The "magic number" is "P5" instead of "P2".
- The gray values are stored as plain bytes, instead of
ASCII decimal.
- No whitespace is allowed in the grays section.
- The files are smaller and many times faster to read and
write.
Note that this raw format can only be used for maxvals less
than or equal to 255. If you use the PGM library and try to
write a file with a larger maxval, it will automatically
fall back on the slower but more general ASCII format.
SEE ALSO
fitstopgm(1), fstopgm(1), hipstopgm(1), psidtopgm(1),
rawtopgm(1), tifftopgm(1), pgmenhance(1), pgmhist(1),
pgmnorm(1), pgmtofits(1), pgmtopbm(1), pgmtops(1), pnm(5),
pbm(5), ppm(5)
AUTHOR
Copyright (C) 1989 by Jef Poskanzer.
Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
software and its documentation for any purpose and without
fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright
notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright
notice and this permission notice appear in supporting docu-
mentation. This software is provided "as is" without
express or implied warranty.
Printed 5/25/90 01 August 1989 2